As of October 2026, entry to the 11 programmes Aftera works with ranges from $90,000 (São Tomé & Príncipe) to $400,000 (Turkey) for citizenship and from €250,000 (Greece) to €300,000 + VAT (Cyprus) for residency. Of the citizenship programmes only Turkey, Vanuatu and São Tomé accept citizens of Russia and Belarus, and none of those three gives visa-free Schengen.
| Programme | Type | Minimum investment | Turnkey / extra costs (from articles) | Realistic timeline | Visit or presence required | Family scope | Visa-free destinations | Visa-free Schengen | Open to RF/RB citizens | Passport / permit validity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanuatu | Citizenship | $130,000 (single) | Family of 4: $180,000 contribution; +$15,000 per extra member; due diligence and legal fees on top | 2–3 months | No | Spouse; children up to 25 (18–25 students, dependent); parents/grandparents from 50 | ~90 | No — visa required | Yes | — |
| São Tomé & Príncipe | Citizenship | $90,000 (single) | ≈$115,750 turnkey, single (Aftera estimate 05.08.2026); family of 2–4: $95,000 contribution | 5–6 months | No, at no stage | Spouse; unmarried children under 30; parents from 55 — passports for dependants over 18/55 suspended since 25.08.2026 | 30–100 (sources diverge) | No | Yes | — |
| Turkey | Citizenship | $400,000 real estate, held 3 years | + ~4% title-transfer tax, notary, translator, appraisal, legal support, fees per person | 9–12 months | No residence; the deal involves on-site steps (bank, notary, TAPU) | Spouse and children under 18 only | 110+ | No | Yes | — |
| Dominica | Citizenship | $200,000 (EDF) | ≈$209,500–210,500 all-in, single; real-estate route ≈$284,000+ | 3–6 months | Yes: interview 16+; in-person visit to collect and renew passport (announced 11.06.2026) | Spouse; children under 18 (18–30 students); unmarried daughters under 25; parents/grandparents over 65 only | 140+ | Yes (under EU pressure) | No | 10 years |
| Antigua & Barbuda | Citizenship | $230,000 (NDF) | Government duty flat for a family of up to 4, from $30,000 | 3–6 months | 5 days within the first 5 years | Family of up to 4 on one duty; UWI route for families of 6+ | 150+ | Yes (under EU pressure) | No | 5 years |
| Grenada | Citizenship | $235,000 (NTF); real estate $270,000 | Due diligence per adult, government and passport fees, legal support on top | 4–6 months (law: 60 days from complete file) | No | Spouse; children up to 30; parents/grandparents with no age limit; unmarried siblings | 145+ incl. China | Yes (under EU pressure) | No | 5 years |
| Saint Lucia | Citizenship | $240,000 (NEF); real estate or bonds $300,000 | Due diligence and government fees on top | 3–4 months | No | — | 145+ (UK visa since 05.03.2026) | Yes (under EU pressure) | No | 5 years |
| Saint Kitts & Nevis | Citizenship | $250,000 (SISC); real estate $325,000 | Due diligence $10,000 for the main applicant | 3–6 months | No | — | 150+ | Yes (under EU pressure) | No | 10 years |
| Greece — Golden Visa | Residence permit | €250,000 (conversions in specific areas only) | From €287,425 for a family of 4 | 4–6 months (permit 2–3 months + cards) | No minimum stay | Spouse incl. domestic partner; parents of both spouses; children under 21 (kept to 24) | n/a (residency) | Schengen residency | Only with a second, non-sanctioned passport | Card 5 years, renewable while you own the property |
| Cyprus — permanent residency | Permanent residency | €300,000 + VAT, first-sale property | From €323,000 single; €50,000/yr foreign income required | 6–8 months (decision ~2–3 months) | Visit at least once every 2 years | Spouse; children under 18 (to 25 if dependent students); parents with extra income | n/a (residency) | No — Cyprus is in the EU, not in Schengen | Yes, directly | Permanent (card reissued technically) |
| Turkey — residence for tax purposes | Residence permit | Flexible (rental- or property-based) | — | 1–3 months | Tax residency needs 183 days of presence | — | n/a (residency) | No | Yes | Renewable |
⚠ As of October 2026, the five Caribbean programmes (Grenada, Antigua & Barbuda, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Dominica, Saint Lucia) do not accept citizens of Russia and Belarus. The Greek Golden Visa accepts them only with a second, non-sanctioned citizenship. Visa-free counts are benchmarks: lists change, and the EU has asked the Caribbean states to wind their programmes down by 1 June 2028.
Which to choose if…
- Your only passport is Russian or Belarusian and you need a second passport fast → Vanuatu ($130,000, 2–3 months). →
- You want the lowest entry figure and accept a 5–6 month timeline and no Schengen → São Tomé & Príncipe (≈$115,750 turnkey). →
- You want an asset, a G20 passport and a route to the US E-2 visa, and can hold property 3 years → Turkey ($400,000, 9–12 months). →
- The family includes adult children or parents and you hold an RF/RB passport → Vanuatu; Turkey does not accept them. →
- You need predictable Schengen access for the family without relocating and hold a second, non-sanctioned passport → Greek Golden Visa (from €287,425 for four). →
- You hold only an RF/RB passport and want an EU status you never renew → Cyprus permanent residency (from €323,000; not Schengen). →
- You are not an RF/RB citizen and the minimum budget matters most → Dominica (≈$209,500–210,500 all-in), accepting the in-person visit for the passport. →
- You are not an RF/RB citizen and need the US E-2 visa or visa-free China → Grenada. →
- You are not an RF/RB citizen and have a large family → Antigua & Barbuda (flat duty for up to 4). →
- You need speed among Caribbean options → Saint Lucia (3–4 months); reputation and a 10-year passport → Saint Kitts & Nevis. →
- Your goal is visa-free Schengen on a passport available to RF/RB citizens → none of the programmes gives it; residency (Greece, Cyprus) is the instrument. →
What none of these programmes does
No programme changes tax residency by itself: it follows days of presence (the 183-day rule) and the centre of vital interests. A Russian citizen still notifies the MVD within 60 days of a second citizenship or residence permit, and CFC rules and CRS exchange keep applying. No programme is sold with a guarantee of a US or Schengen visa.
Sources: all programmes map · honest timelines · Caribbean overview · Vanuatu vs São Tomé vs Turkey · Greece vs Cyprus · where passports work
General information, not legal or tax advice. “From” figures are qualifying amounts; the final quote for a specific family is fixed in the contract.